During the Industrial Revolution era, which therapeutic approach was described as being in vogue?

• A. Psychoanalysis
• B. Cognitive therapy
• C. Humanistic therapy
• D. Dialectical behavior therapy

Answer: (A)

During the Industrial Revolution, interest in exploring mental life through talk and uncovering hidden causes of distress defined clinical practice, making psychoanalysis the in-vogue approach. Its appeal lay in offering a systematic method to access the unconscious, interpret dreams, and examine internal conflicts, which clinicians believed underpinned many nervous and personality-related symptoms in rapidly changing, urban-industrial societies. Freud’s techniques—free association, dream analysis, and interpretation of resistance—gained prominence in clinics, universities, and cultural circles, solidifying psychoanalysis as the fashionable paradigm of that era. Cognitive therapy, humanistic therapy, and dialectical behavior therapy emerged later, in the mid- to late 20th century, so they wouldn’t be described as in vogue during the Industrial Revolution.