ASCA's national model was approved in which year?

• A. 1991
• B. 1992
• C. 2003
• D. 1994

Answer: (C)

ASCA's national model was approved in 2003. This formal framework gives school counselors a clear structure for designing, implementing, and evaluating a comprehensive program that ties counseling activities to student learning and achievement. It centers on four components—Foundation, Management, Delivery, and Accountability—and a delivery system that covers the school counseling curriculum, individual planning, responsive services, and system support. The 2003 approval marked ASCA’s shift to a standards-based, data-driven approach that guides counselors to align services with school goals and measurable student outcomes. Earlier years reflect prior guidance efforts, but the recognized national model dates to 2003.